.. and spiritual control.
Questions to Help the Assessment Process
1. Who is the leader?
What are his/her background and qualifications?
Have you relied solely on trust that all of the information you were given is true or have you done independent investigation?
Do you feel pressure to accept and not question at all?
Is it possible that there are misrepresentations or falsehoods?
Is there external corroboration for extraordinary claims of accomplishment or are they simply his/her say-so?
If "miracles" have been performed, can they be replicated under open observation or even under scientific conditions?
Are there other explanations for the "miracles," such as magic tricks, hypnosis, etc.?
If there is a former leader or member, have you sought him or
her out to hear for yourself critical information? If not, are you
afraid to trust your ability to discern the truthfulness of what you
learn?
If you find yourself saying that you don't care if there are
major deceptions, ask yourself if you knew this information before you
became involved, would you have even bothered to make a commitment of
time and money?
2. Are there exclusive claims made to wisdom, knowledge,
love, and truth? If so, the burden of proof is on the leader to
demonstrate his or her superiority, not on members to disprove it. A
truly "developed" spiritual being exudes love, compassion, and
humility. Any person who claims to be "superior" but does not practice
what they preach is of questionable character. There is never
inconsistency between words and deeds. A person who uses fear and phobia
indoctrination to control followers demonstrates insecurity and lack
of spiritual maturity.
3. Is total submission and obedience required? Any
relationship that demands giving up one's personal integrity and
conscience is dangerous and leads to totalitarianism. Be wary of those
who advocate "the ends justify the means," especially when it clearly
serves their own self-interest. Also, make sure that your desire "to
believe" doesn't simply activate the common psychological defense
mechanisms: denial, rationalization, justification, and wishful
thinking. If a doctrine is true or a person is truly spiritually
advanced, they will stand up to the scrutiny of objective evaluation.
If they do not prove themselves, they are probably not worthy of your
commitment and devotion.
4. Does he/ she have a criminal record, a legacy of
allegations against him/her or a history of misconduct? If there are
allegations of misconduct against the leader, the responsible follower
must seek out the negative information and the sources of that
information to evaluate the truth. If a leader claims to be celibate and
allegations are made that the leader engaged in inappropriate sex,
this is an extreme violation of integrity. It must be investigated
vigorously. It is never appropriate for teachers, therapists, or
spiritual masters to take advantage of a power differential over
followers. This is especially true in the area of sexuality. It is
grossly unethical to engage in sexual relations with someone who has
placed their trust in as a teacher/advisor/master. Many followers are
incredibly vulnerable to this and unable to resist sexual intimacy.
Anyone should be able to say "no."
Is he or she a "trust bandit," stealing hearts, souls, minds, bodies, and pocketbooks for his or her own ends?
5. Does the leader demonstrate psychological problems and awareness of their existence?
Does the leader have addictions to power, drugs, alcohol, sex, even television or shopping?
Does the leader have emotional outbursts?
Does the leader physically abuse followers?
Does the leader drive expensive cars and wear expensive clothes while extolling the virtues of renunciation?
Does the leader financially exploit followers by expecting them to live in poverty while he or she indulges in luxury?
Is the group or leader's driveway habitually filled with
luxury cars while ordinary people find him or her inaccessible and
unreachable?
Does the leader ever encourage deception or use deception as a
"technique" to trick followers into so-called correct thinking and
understanding?
Codependent behavior by a spiritual teacher should be a
warning sign of danger. Codependency includes: obsessively trying to
control others; allowing people to hurt and use them; lack of clear
boundaries; being reactive, not proactive; tunnel-visioned; obsessive
worrying and denial; expectations of perfection and suppression of
human needs. (Beattie, Beyond Codependency, Harper/Hazelden, 1989)
6. Are questions and doubts permitted within the
organization? A healthy spiritual environment must engage individual
followers at their level of experience and should encourage them to
feel and think and therefore question their beliefs and exercise good
decision-making. In this way, the follower can investigate,
discriminate, and test the dogma and the environment they are being
asked to accept, between what his or her personal issues are and what
might be an unhealthy environment. If intense pressure is used to
dissuade people who wish to talk with former members or critics, it is a
clear sign of information control. Controlling information is one of
the most essential components of mind control.
7. Is the organization open or closed? Are there organizational secrets?
Are there "in" groups and "out" groups? Are there restricted teachings for initiates only?
Are there secret texts and publications "for your eyes
only"? Is there real financial accountability? If a group says that
you can look at its accounting records, does it actually provide
access? The only way to know is to ask to see the records. If you are
afraid to ask, what does this say about the atmosphere of the group?
8. What structural checks and balances exist within the
organization to prevent abuse of power? Are there divisive sectarian
biases, even in the name of interdenominational ecumenicism and
universality? Is there an independent "ethics" committee to challenge
and change policies of the group? If there are abuses or injustices,
what structure exists to correct them? Can anyone legitimately question
the actions of the leader without threat of emotional withdraw or fear
of expulsion to "hell"? Do the rich and powerful get preferential
treatment? Are "indulgences" (spiritual pardons) sold?
Is there a "code of silence" against unethical behavior of leaders?
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